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Occupational Medicine 1998;48:195-197
© 1998 Society of Occupational Medicine

research-article

Biological monitoring standards for industrial toluene exposure recommended for South Africa

D. J. Kocks{dagger} and C. E. Smith{ddagger}

{dagger} Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Box 219, Medical University of Southern Africa 0204, South Africa
{ddagger} Lancet Laboratories PO Box 8475, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa

Coal combustion is used in many industrial processes in South Africa. The exposure of workers and the absence of international biological monitoring standards for toluene created a problem. A cross-sectional study on 100 workers indicated that the biological threshold for ortho-cresol:creatinine ratio reference value of <1 mg/g could presently be used as a reference for non-industrial human exposure while the <2 mg/g rate is for worker exposure in an industrial environment at a coal combustion plant.

Keywords      Coal combustion; South Africa; toluene

Received       21 March 1997
Accepted       20 November 1997

Correspondence and reprint requests to: D. J. Kocks, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Box 219, Medical University of Southern Africa, 0204, South Africa


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