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Occupational Medicine 53:109-116 (2003)
Copyright © 2003 Society of Occupational Medicine

Preventive and compensatory measures for shift workers

Peter Knauth and Sonia Hornberger

Department of Ergonomics, Institute of Industrial Production, University of Karlsruhe, Germany.

Correspondence to: Prof. Dr Peter Knauth, IIP, Universität Karlsruhe, Hertzstrasse 16, D-76187 Karlsruhe, Germany. e-mail: peter.knauth{at}wiwi.uni-karlsruhe.de

Abstract

Shift systems are known to be associated with a variety of psychosocial and physiological problems that can affect the health of workers. This review focuses on measures that can be taken to optimize the well-being of shift workers and to identify ill-health at an early stage. The discussion includes specific aspects of the design of shift systems, taking account of variation in the views and circumstances of employees, and strategies to combat sleepiness at work and elsewhere. Although an ideal shift system does not exist, a wholistic approach comprising education of managers, employees and their families can ameliorate some of the health consequences.

Keywords      Alertness; coping strategies; ergonomic design of shift systems; health care; night work; participation; shift work; sleep; social support; working conditions


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