Occupational Medicine Advance Access originally published online on October 16, 2006
Occupational Medicine 2006 56(8):578-580; doi:10.1093/occmed/kql106
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Short Reports |
Effects of overtime work on blood pressure and body mass index in Japanese male workers
1 Department of Occupational Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
2 Department of Occupational Mental Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
3 Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
4 Toshiba Human Asset Service Co., Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
5 Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
Background Effects of overtime work on health is a controversial issue.
Aims To determine the effects of overtime work on blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) for male workers in Japan.
Methods Participants were 323 male participants of three companies. Data were collected by occupational physicians at periodic physical examinations and additional examinations. The time courses for the development of definite hypertension and an increase in BMI were recorded. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the cumulative incidence rates of developing definite hypertension and increasing BMI, and the Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine the adjusted relative hazard of overtime work.
Results The age-adjusted incidence rates of developing definite hypertension and increasing BMI were significantly lower among the participants whose mean overtime was 
50 h than among those whose mean overtime was <50 h/month (log-rank P < 0.05). The Cox proportional hazard model indicated that those who worked a mean overtime of 50 h/month had lower risks of developing definite hypertension (hazard ratio, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.15–0.88; P < 0.05) and increasing their BMI (hazard ratio, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.31–0.63; P < 0.01) after adjusting for age.
Conclusions The results of this study indicate that workers whose mean overtime was 50 h have lower risks of developing definite hypertension and increasing their BMI.
Keywords Body mass index; hypertension; karoshi; overtime
Correspondence to: Koji Wada, Department of Occupational Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228-8555, Japan. Tel: +81 42 778 9311; fax: +81 42 778 9257; e-mail: kwada-sgy{at}umin.ac.jp